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		<title>The Legal Aspect of Islamic Divorce in the United Kingdom</title>
		<link>http://www.advocateislam.com/islam-law/the-legal-aspect-of-islamic-divorce-in-the-united-kingdom-2/index.html</link>
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		<pubDate>Sat, 01 Oct 2011 12:09:34 +0000</pubDate>
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				<category><![CDATA[islam law]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[&#160; People often ask their family lawyers regarding the legality of an Islamic marriage called the Nikkah or an Islamic divorce called the Talaq in the United Kingdom. &#160; According to Islamic law, Talaq is the expression used to denote divorce. A plain Talaq divorce happens when the husband mouths this term thrice. Such a [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p id="internal-source-marker_0.18102207998337694" dir="ltr">
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p dir="ltr">People often ask their family lawyers regarding the legality of an Islamic marriage called the Nikkah or an Islamic divorce called the Talaq in the United Kingdom.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p dir="ltr">According to Islamic law, Talaq is the expression used to denote divorce. A plain Talaq divorce happens when the husband mouths this term thrice. Such a declaration has the impact of terminating the marriage right away. Nevertheless, this is not sufficient to persuade the courts in the UK, which will be interested in knowing whether this <a href="http://www.contactlaw.co.uk/islamic-divorce.html/?cid=28092011-paid-text-link-islamic-divorce-content-2">Islamic divorce</a> is thought to be legally obligatory in the country where it was declared.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p dir="ltr">Talaq divorce is lawfully binding in nations such as Bangladesh and Pakistan where specific criteria need to be satisfied. Firstly, a husband should notify in writing of the declaration of a Talaq divorce to the Chairman of the Union Council of the ward where the couple resides. He should provide a copy of this notice to his spouse.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p dir="ltr">Then, a time period of 90 days comes into effect during which attempts can be made for reconciliation of the relationship. Called the Iddat, this period signifies that the marriage is in a condition of suspension and the Talaq divorce can be reversed. Once this 90-day period comes to an end, the divorce will become effective, if not reversed. If the wife is expecting a baby during this time, then the divorce will take effect at the culmination of pregnancy only.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p dir="ltr">If an Islamic divorce happens in Pakistan or Bangladesh, it will be valid in the United Kingdom only when the aforesaid processes are abided by and also other conditions like the husband or the wife is a citizen of Bangladesh or Pakistan, or he or she resides in Bangladesh or Pakistan habitually, or he or she is domiciled in Bangladesh or Pakistan.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p dir="ltr">To get advice on Islamic divorce, you must talk with an expert solicitor at Contact Law, the renowned legal brokerage firm in the UK.</p>
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		<title>The Legal Aspect of Islamic Divorce in the United Kingdom</title>
		<link>http://www.advocateislam.com/islam-law/the-legal-aspect-of-islamic-divorce-in-the-united-kingdom/index.html</link>
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		<pubDate>Sat, 01 Oct 2011 06:18:14 +0000</pubDate>
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				<category><![CDATA[islam law]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.advocateislam.com/?p=2046</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[&#160; People often ask their family lawyers regarding the legality of an Islamic marriage called the Nikkah or an Islamic divorce called the Talaq in the United Kingdom. According to Islamic law, Talaq is the expression used to denote divorce. A plain Talaq divorce happens when the husband mouths this term thrice. Such a declaration [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>People often ask their family lawyers regarding the legality of an Islamic marriage called the Nikkah or an <a href="http://www.contactlaw.co.uk/islamic-divorce.html/?cid=28092011-paid-text-link-islamic-divorce-content-2" target="_blank">Islamic divorce</a> called the Talaq in the United Kingdom.</p>
<p>According to Islamic law, Talaq is the expression used to denote divorce. A plain Talaq divorce happens when the husband mouths this term thrice. Such a declaration has the impact of terminating the marriage right away. Nevertheless, this is not sufficient to persuade the courts in the UK, which will be interested in knowing whether this <strong>Islamic divorce<strong> is thought to be legally obligatory in the country where it was declared. </strong></strong></p>
<p>Talaq divorce is lawfully binding in nations such as Bangladesh and Pakistan where specific criteria need to be satisfied. Firstly, a husband should notify in writing of the declaration of a Talaq divorce to the Chairman of the Union Council of the ward where the couple resides. He should provide a copy of this notice to his spouse.</p>
<p>Then, a time period of 90 days comes into effect during which attempts can be made for reconciliation of the relationship. Called the Iddat, this period signifies that the marriage is in a condition of suspension and the Talaq divorce can be reversed. Once this 90-day period comes to an end, the divorce will become effective, if not reversed. If the wife is expecting a baby during this time, then the divorce will take effect at the culmination of pregnancy only.</p>
<p>If an <strong>Islamic divorce<strong> happens in Pakistan or Bangladesh, it will be valid in the United Kingdom only when the aforesaid processes are abided by and also other conditions like the husband or the wife is a citizen of Bangladesh or Pakistan, or he or she resides in Bangladesh or Pakistan habitually, or he or she is domiciled in Bangladesh or Pakistan.</strong></strong></p>
<p>To get advice on <strong>Islamic divorce<strong>, you must talk with an expert solicitor at Contact Law, the renowned legal brokerage firm in the UK.</strong></strong></p>
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		<title>Islamic law</title>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 21 Jul 2011 06:28:27 +0000</pubDate>
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				<category><![CDATA[islam law]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Islamic]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Title Anharululum law or jurisdiction PreliminaryCriminal this part of the Islamic Shariah jinayah applicable, since the coming of Muhammad. Therefore, in the days and Rosululah the first four caliphs, Islamic law is criminal public law. The law, implemented and regulated by the government as the legitimate sovereign or Ulil Amri. Criminal Law by the Islamic [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Title Anharululum </p>
<p>law or jurisdiction
<p> PreliminaryCriminal this part of the Islamic Shariah jinayah applicable, since the coming of Muhammad. Therefore, in the days and Rosululah the first four caliphs, Islamic law is criminal public law. The law, implemented and regulated by the government as the legitimate sovereign or Ulil Amri. </P> Criminal Law by the Islamic Sharia is an integral part of the life of every Muslim, where he is. Islamic Sharia is the law that must be implemented by all Muslims, because the Sharia of Islam is part of the worship of Allah SWTBut are, in fact there are many Muslims who do not know and understand what and how the criminal law of Islam, and how to judge the law and be applied to everyday life. Be on the occasion, the speakers try to explain what he jinayah fiqh, or Islamic law, and in some aspects jinayah it.II.Permasalahana.Apa understanding of fiqh? Only b.Apa jinayah pillars or elements? C. Bagaimana classification of crimes in Islamic criminal law (fiqh jinayah)? III.PembahasanA. Definition of the law jinayahFiqh jinayah of two words, namely the law and jinayah. Understanding the understanding of the language of the law of the faqih words that comprise means. Although the term imposed in accordance with Abdul Wahab Khallaf are as follows <img src='http://www.advocateislam.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_confused.gif' alt="icon confused Islamic law" class='wp-smiley' title="Islamic law" /> ???? ? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ? ?????? ????????. ? ? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ? ?????? ???????.&#8221; Fiqh is the science of the laws of personality &#8220;almost made the detailed arguments or set of laws of the jurisdiction that personality.&#8221; Arguments practices detailed in &#8220;The jinayah 0.1 is derived by the language:?? ????? ?????? ?????????.&#8221; The name of someone who does what is wrong and try. &#8221; JAMA Jinayat word &#8220;word jinayah. Jinayah is the root of the word (Masdar) mashdar JAMA and not as the word,&#8221; except when it is on providing a variety of meanings, intent and meaning accidental tersalah.2 tersalahBasically jinayah the word refers directed to the results of its actions are to be used prohibited. fuqoha Word On &#8216;jinayah means the act which is prohibited by the personality, &#8220;as Abdul Qadir Audah presented as follows <img src='http://www.advocateislam.com/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_confused.gif' alt="icon confused Islamic law" class='wp-smiley' title="Islamic law" /> ??????? ? ????.???? ?????? ????.&#8221; Jinayah is a term for the act prohibits &#8220;personality, if these policies on the lives, property and other&#8221; 0.3 jinayah In this context, the same direction jarimah such as Imam Al Mawardi, which is called : ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????.&#8221; Jarimah peruatan is prohibited actions of the &#8220;personality who was threatened with punishment from God or is ta&#8217;zir. &#8220;So we can conclude that the understanding of the science of fiqh jinayah legal&#8221; issues relating to prohibited acts (jarimah) and the Act, the detailed arguments.Keep in mind, from the understanding of fiqh jinayah premium with the notion of criminal law by the law. Musthofa Abdullah Ahmad SH SH and Ruben argues that criminal law is the law for the offense of criminal sanctions. Or in other words, a set of rules for criminals and hukumanya problem.B. jinayahJinayah element columns or sense referring to acts that are prohibited by the personality &#8220;and threatened with or ta&#8217;zir already indicated that the prohibitions of acts, including category jinayah the provisions of (the texts ) is derived from personality. &#8220;This means that human action can be categorized as jinayah if such actions are derived from the limitations of&#8221; personality, so the only restrictions for people who are reasonable punishable.Because were discussed. Only healthy people can call Beracah (Khitab) and people who are capable of loading (taklif) is.From personality &#8220;to come to understand the explanation above, one can conclude that the action may be jinayah classified if such measures, which are the elements or pillars as follows: 1.) texts that certain actions, the threat of sanctions for acts of the above is prohibited with this item with the word &#8220;formal elements&#8221; known (al al RUKN Seres&#8217; i) 2) The elements that make jinayah acts, whether in the form of acts that are prohibited or required to leave perbuatann. This element is the &#8220;hardware&#8221; term (Al Madi al RUKN) 0.3) The thief is a known person who can understand or accept Khitab taklif, which means that the authors had been a mukallaf, so they can be prosecuted for their crimes. This element is replaced by the term &#8220;mental element&#8221; (Al Adab al RUKN) 4C known. Classification of Crime Criminal Islam (Fiqh jinayah) The concept is very berkiatan jinayah closely with the problem of &#8220;don&#8217;ts&#8221; for every action, which is summarized in the concept of jinayah, acts prohibited by the personality. &#8221; This prohibition stems threatening, because the joints perbatan measures of community life. Therefore, it is possible for the ban, then the existence and survival of a society can be maintained and preserved.In accordance with the provisions of the law, the prohibition on making or not to do or something not quite be in &#8220;good faith&#8221;, but must be accompanied by sanctions (punishment), which has threatened to have committed the crime. Therefore, the Shariah of Islam certain acts as evil and threatening her with a certain penalty in order to protect the collective interests and the system on which stood a large building society.There klasifikais put several of the largest and most Islamic jurists discussed in terms of crime, namely: hudud 1) The crime is a punishable crime if the penalty for God.There fees are prescribed five types of crime &#8211; penalty (hadd) some syar&#8217;i, namely: a . Kejahatan upper body, mind and limbs, such as murder (al qatl) and injuries (al Jarh) b. Member Kejahatan top of the other sex, this is called fornication and prostitution (Sifah) c.Kejahatan property. If the property is taken by the battle, then the crime is hirabah when they called for any reason (ta&#8217;wil) did. If done with reason, then (tyranny) called. sometimes taken by the camp to wait until then error is theft. Diambill and those on the level of dignity and strength of power, then known as a ghasab.d. Kejahatan qadzfe.Kejahatan honor of the above is a violation by the Food and beverages are prohibited personality. &#8220;Only in the Shari&#8217;ah criminal offense (a) of the crime and for wine (alcohol only) 0.5 In line with the above mentioned types of crime after Muhammad Ibn Ibrahim Ibn Jubayr, belonging to seven hudud riddah Crime (apostates), al Baghy (uprising), adultery, qadzf (false accusation), sariqoh (theft), hirabah (theft) and wine bush al (wine consumption) .2) Kish crime. Qisas falls an intermediate position between the crime and ta&#8217;zir hudud in terms of severity. The objective of this crime is the integrity of the human body, either voluntarily or involuntarily. It consists of what is known in the modern criminal law as crimes against persons or crimes against persons. As a premeditated murder, murder with deliberate murder for negligence, assault, this ta&#8217;zir of injury / illness because of negligence, in the category of crimes This Qisas.3) crime. To criminalize the Foundation and its legal determination on the consensus (consensus) in relation to the rights of Muslim countries and punish all acts unreasonably base, which caused the fiisk loss / damage, social, political, financial or moral for the individual or company whole.6IV.Kesimpulan1.Fiqih jinayah Personality is the science of law &#8220;to the problem of illegal acts (jarimah) and its laws, or taken from the arguments.2.Rukun Detailed jinayah there are three elements, namely: a) Al Rukn al syar&#8217;ib) Al Rukn al Madic) Al Rukn al adabi3.Klasifikasi crimes in Islamic criminal law (fiqh jinayah) includes: Crimes) hududb) Crime Qisasc) ta&#8217;zirV ConclusionSimilarly crimes, descriptions of documents are the authors. if there are errors both in writing and exposure, we are very good. perfection belongs to God and men, the faults should not forget the criticisms and suggestions are always our hope for the perfection of our papers. Hopefully, this article is useful for us all.<br />
</P><br />
About the Author<br />
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		<title>Mortgages and loans. Islamic Finance Avoids Interest.</title>
		<link>http://www.advocateislam.com/islam-law/mortgages-and-loans-islamic-finance-avoids-interest-2/index.html</link>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 19 Jul 2011 07:43:57 +0000</pubDate>
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				<category><![CDATA[islam law]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Avoids]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Finance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Interest.]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Islamic]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Loans.]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mortgages]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Article by Michael Challiner Two million Muslims in Britain face an ethical dilemma if they want a mortgage or loan. Mortgages and loans require the payment of interest and &#8220;riba&#8221; as interest is called under Islamic law, is prohibited by the Koran. British financial institutions are increasingly catering for the needs of Muslim scholars through [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Article by Michael Challiner
</p>
<p> Two million Muslims in Britain face an ethical dilemma if they want a mortgage or loan. Mortgages and loans require the payment of interest and &#8220;riba&#8221; as interest is called under Islamic law, is prohibited by the Koran. </P> British financial institutions are increasingly catering for the needs of Muslim scholars through a number of alternative arrangements that respects the teachings of the Koran. Here are just two of them: </p>
<p> Ijara with diminishing Musharaka &#8211; the mortgage alternative </p>
<p> Ijara with diminishing Musharaka is an Islamic alternative to a conventional UK mortgage market and was adopted by the British many years. Banks and building societies. </P> In essence, Musharaka means partnership. Under the concept of Islamic finance, the bank buys the house and its owner is legally. Then, in the pre-agreement, say 25, is a monthly payment. Each monthly payment includes a charge for the rental and a charge that buys a small part of the house itself. It is in the form of a joint plan with the variable part of the equity of the house will be heard by the buyers is steadily increasing as payments are made. Once the final payment is made, the house is freehold. Ijara </p>
<p> Here you can tell the bank or financial institution, what you want, for example, a car, buy it and the. In exchange for a monthly payment that the cost of capital of the bank, the bank covers so you can use to make the asset for an agreed period. In reality it is a form of leasing </p>
<p> Islamic finance is not widely available in the UK &#8211; where they can find? Here are three suggestions: introduced </p>
<p> In recent years, the Lloyds TSB Islamic products to 33 of its stores. His spokesman said: .. &#8220;It is important to look for our customers that we are on the correct procedures, we have a group of four Islamic scholars who over-see the products you offer a guide on Islamic law and verification of products&#8221;. &#8221; / P> <P Another high street bank, HSBC, is developing a special range of Islamic products under the Amanah brand. This range includes home finance plans, insurance, trade finance, and various current accounts and pensions. Hussam Sultan, the Amanah product manager says: "As a bank, we are not here to moralize or tell our customers that Amanah Finance fell to the path of Allah, we are just here for their provide a choice.. " </P>
<p The Islamic Bank of Britain has three branches in London, two in Birmingham and one each in Leicester and Manchester. They are the only British bank specifically providing for Muslim customers and claim to its operations in halal. All financial products are approved by their Shariah Supervisory -. All Muslim scholars who are experts in all aspects of Islamic finance </p>
<p> For your interest, we show below are definitions of some words often used in conjunction with the Islamic finance </p>
<p> A glossary of certain terms of Islamic financial world </p>
<p> Amanah: .. Means of reliability aspects associated with loyalty and honesty. As a further central importance Amanah also describes a business, if a party holds funds or property of another in trust. This application actually the most widely used and understood the term, with a long history of use in Islamic commercial law. It can also be used to describe the various financial activities such as deposits, custody or goods on consignment </p>
<p> Arbun. Means of filing. This is a non-refundable deposit to the seller by the buyer on the agreement of a purchase contract with a company that the purchase contract will be completed agreement on the time </p>
<p> gharar. This means uncertainty. It is one of three basic prohibitions in Islamic finance (the others being riba and Mays). Gharar is a difficult concept that certain types of uncertainty or contingency in a contract includes. The ban Gharar often used as a ground for criticism of conventional financial practices such as speculation, derivatives and short selling contracts </p>
<p> Islamic Financial Services / Islamic Banking / Islamic Finance. Means financial services that meet the specific requirements of Islamic law or Sharia. Although designed to meet Muslim clerics, Islamic finance is not limited to Muslims. Both the client and service providers, non-Muslim and Muslim </p>
<p> Ijara. Means an agreement leasing Islamic. Ijara allows the financial institution a profit by charging rent instead of lending money and they deserve to earn interest. Ijarah concept expanded to rent and purchase contracts Ijara wa iqtinah </p>
<p> Mays. Means of games. It is another of three fundamental prohibitions in Islamic finance (the other two and Gharar riba). The prohibition of maysir is often the basis of criticism of standard financial practices such as insurance, speculation and derivatives classic </p>
<p> Mudarabah. A Mudarabah is a form of investment partnership. Here the capital is the investor (the Rab ul time) provided the other party (the Mudarib) to undertake a business or investment. The profits are then distributed according to previously agreed shares, but any loss on the investment is born exclusively by the investor and the expected return mudarib loses share </p>
<p> Mudarib. The mudarib is the investment manager or entrepreneur in a Mudarabah (see above). It is this responsibility to managers of the investor money in a project or portfolio in exchange for a share of the profits to invest. A Mudarabah is substantially similar to a diverse pool of assets in a traditional portfolio of investments managed discretionary place </p>
<p> Murabaha. Means of purchase and resale. Since lending money to meet the investor buys the assets or products required (otherwise they would have taken out a loan) by one third. The asset is then resold at a higher price in the user interface of the capital. By paying this higher price brackets, the user gets capital effectively credit without paying interest. (See also the opposite of tawarruq murabaha.) </P> Musharaka: This means profit and loss sharing. It is a partnership where profits are shared in agreed proportions before and losses are shared in proportion to each partner or investment loans. In Musharakah perform all partners, corporations have the means and the right, but not the obligation, to exercise executive powers in this endeavor. There is a concept similar to a conventional partnership and the holding of the voting shares of a company. . Musharakah is considered the purest form of Islamic financing </p>
<p> Riba: This means interest. The legal concept extends beyond interest, but in simple terms, riba covers any return of money on money. It does not matter whether the interest float or floating, simple or compound, or what rate. Riba is strictly prohibited by Islamic law .. </P> Sharia is Islamic law as the Qur&#8217;an and the example of the Prophet Muhammad is revealed (peace be upon him). Sharia any of the products, all requirements of Islamic law. To facilitate this, a Shariah board is usually appointed. . This board meetings and committee of Islamic scholars is generally available to the organization of guidance and supervision for the development of Shariah-compliant products </p>
<p> Shariah advisors together: an independent professional, usually a classical scholar Islamic law, has appointed an Islamic financial institution on compliance of their products and services with Islamic law, to advise the Sharia. While some organizations to consult individual Shariah advisers, most of a committee of Shariah advisers (often known as Shariah committee or Shariah consultancy known) </p>
<p> Shariah-compliant. Refers to the activity that ensures that the requirements of sharia, or Islamic law must be respected. The term is often used in Islamic banks as a synonym for &#8220;Islamic&#8221; &#8211; for example, Shariah compliant financing or Shariah compliant investment </p>
<p> Sukuk. It has properties similar to conventional bonds. The difference is that they are backed and a sukuk represents proportionate beneficial ownership in the underlying. The asset is then leased to the customer, the profit on the </p>
<p> takaful revenue sukuk. This is Islamic insurance. Takaful plans are designed to prevent the characteristics of conventional insurance (ie interest and gambling) that are so problematic for Muslims. They structure the arrangement as a charitable collective pool of funds to help mutual Comcept </p>
<p> Tawarruq. When used in personal finance, a customer buys something with a need for cash on a deferred payment credit. The client then immediately sells the items of money to third parties. The client receives the money, interest free loans. Tawarruq is the opposite of Murabahah.<br />
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<p> enter <a target="_new" d'assurance cheap life href="http://www.life-assurance-bureau.co.uk"> </a> <a target = " _NEW access "href ="http://www.life-assurance-bureau.co.uk/loans/"> secured loans </a> <a target =" _new "href ="http://www.life-assurance-bureau.co.uk/mortgages/"> mortgage rates </a> all online <in / p></p>
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		<title>For the hatred of the Arab and Islamic culture of women.</title>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 19 Jul 2011 07:43:34 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[Article by C. Read Misogyny with racism and domination, is an important pillar of Islamic culture and Arabic. Women are, to cite to Islamic law, &#8220;lower than pigs and cattle.&#8221; By giving them a higher status than Jews and blacks. Nearly 50% of Arab women are illiterate. About 40% of Women in Muslim countries are [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Article by C.
<p> Read </p>
<p>Misogyny
<p> with racism and domination, is an important pillar of Islamic culture and Arabic. Women are, to cite to Islamic law, &#8220;lower than pigs and cattle.&#8221; By giving them a higher status than Jews and blacks. Nearly 50% of Arab women are illiterate. About 40% of Women in Muslim countries are illiterate. Forcing women into bed sheets and the destruction of the individuality of women&#8217;s clothing, but it is evidence of something much darker, more evil and psychopathic in Arab countries and Islamic &#8220;culture.&#8221; Women are hated. Can </P> The roots of the Arab misogyny back to Muhammad. A supporter of feminism, it was not. Mohammed took over the old Arab practice of male domination, add in some of his own virulently anti-female orders and designate them as Ali or sect Arab ilah Moon, &#8220;laws&#8221;. It was crazy in the belief that women were an inferior race, to support people as sex toys and ultimately used and cost too simple-minded producers of men, the Fascist Jihad is the cause of the spread of the Moon sect is fighting to be called a nonsense message embedded in the Koran. He was and is to empower the Arab-Islamic position, educate not need, or free women. </P> In the Arab and Muslim culture, women are simply not accepted as equivalent. They are a &#8220;shame&#8221; family. Many baby girls are murdered &#8211; infanticide &#8211; throughout the Muslim world because of this cultural obsession in the production of males only. This is especially true when a mother for the birth of girls. At some point, the grandmother and a male will kill just &#8220;fake&#8221; baby girl. The culture of &#8220;shame&#8221; of women dominated the surrounding Muslim life and Islam. The Muslim society is built in part to the construction of misogyny and a general hatred for women. A fact that even the United Nations &#8211; not the most intelligent or rational &#8211; was reluctantly forced to admit when they make up their study of the conditions of heaviness in the Arab world . Even the UN acknowledges that the female is an endangered species in the Arab and Muslim world. </P> The majority of Arab hostility to women before the time of Muhammad and the Rise seventh century of the Meccan moon sect . But Islam is the founder certainly broadened and deepened the hatred of Arab women in a normal social and societal rights. Women were much better Muhammad in the Arabian Peninsula. With Mohammed and Islam came to paganism and the erection fundamentalists as it were, male domination invulnerable. </P> A list of the practices of Muhammad, supported in the Koran, rooted in Islamic law, and practiced in the Muslim world: </p>
<p> Polygamy: Mad Mohammed had at least nine women. There is no better example of treating women like meat, as when several women &#8211; a situation designed to appease the sexual pleasure of a male superior. Women are not given the same liberality their sexual energies to breastfeed. </P> ease of divorce a man can divorce a woman -. without penalty &#8211; just saying &#8220;I &#8216;three times, the Koran, sharia, which began with Mohammed A female has not a right. man to divorce under Islamic law, unless the man is guilty of something outrageous and removed the divorce. When a man is a divorce women, they are &#8220;ashamed&#8221; and is a social outsider, often rejected by their own families. </P> Genital Mutilation. Mad Mohammed decreed that the genitals of the woman &#8220;unclean&#8221; and are cut in order to please Allah and to save her &#8220;virginity&#8221; is probably a pre-Mohammed was insane practice in the Arab culture. Anyway, it was the barbarism of the law. genital mutilation is just a practice of torture, the man and woman rules the sexual pleasure of man is more important than it is to remember. Once mutilated female orgasm can not reach and in most cases are not even enjoy sex. This barbarism is still widely practiced today in most Islamic states [with the exception of countries like Morocco]. girls 7 or 8 years have their lips cut off, usually with glass .. go to about 5,000 a day through this ordeal Many die </P> Sex-trade. Even in western cities such as Montreal with large Arab populations, girls aged 14, the slave wealthy older men for sex to be sometimes. is a marriage is arranged to cover the sex industry. Usually, after a few months when the old man&#8217;s daughter is tired, it was used for meat sold to another buyer. Nobody knows how many girls are slaves are exchanged in such a way, but in the world, the numbers were in the tens of thousands of courses, Mohammed and his friends were part of the practice after the conquest, for example Some villages Jews murdered men and women sold as sex security -.. or a sex toy .. by the victorious Muslims, including the &#8220;prophet&#8221; Mohammed himself regularly bought and sold slaves female sexual </P> Fact clothing. not explain the Quran explicitly states that the sheets have to wear in public that demanded Mohammed, was that the female breast must be covered. But the ethos in Arab culture is that women are bad. Most references to demons and devils in Arabic script reference to the female. In this way, the woman down, locked, and fully reduced by the controlled equipment. The injunction of Muhammad, that women cover themselves mutate very quickly, thanks to growing Arab hostility toward women, a tradition that is now a law that women, their bodies do informally. Therefore, the bedding, the female form and covers her curves. It irrevocably castrated women&#8217;s independence and individuality. </P> It also marked the woman as a piece of property, a man in possession of non-entity. By the power of women as least one person President Arab male cult effective humanized, the woman once she is no longer a human right, it is easy to beat, abuse, kill and even </P> Abuse: .. usual at the time of Muhammad, the discipline to hit the practice, women were. Sura in the Koran describes four well hit a woman [not leave visible bruises and ugly]. Because the woman is uneducated, and dehumanized as sexual meat, it is clear that the beating of such a &#8220;creature&#8221; is a man of God-given &#8220;right&#8221; Arab cultural demonization of women as the personification of evil makes corporal punishment more fair </P> Education: .. The UN estimates that more than 40% of Arab women are illiterate and nearly 50% of all Muslim women suffer from a lack of education. For Mohammed and his disciples education was not a priority. In fact, he was not discouraged. Muhammad himself was illiterate. The most important thing was to follow to submit, obey Allah and especially women would be forced to crawl to submit, obey, and crawl in front of their husbands -.. the earthly incarnations of the glory of God and the purity of uneducated women are easier to control and much more in silent submission to the race and more able to demand of their husbands. meet </P> honor killings. Arab or Muslim girls, the family &#8220;law&#8221; or the Koran &#8220;law&#8221; can obey will be killed, the blood of the daughters of the water the earth, scratching of the family &#8220;shame&#8221; the Arab cult of death is natural. built around the blood. Some of the blood sacrifice of Islamic culture should be cleaned, which will become impure. When a Muslim girl is taken to do something contrary to Islamic law and Quranic, the only way to make the family inside his. to sacrifice and water the earth with their blood, the UN estimates that about 10,000 girls are killed in honor of the Middle East every year, that number is probably a factor of 10 too low </P> Murder .. A Muslim woman can for breach of trust or dishonor to her husband to be the most heinous crimes, which also killed: look at another man in the eye, meeting with another man responsible for the [reason], so in public without a family member male chaperone, not dressed in linen clothing when leaving the house with their own financial accounts or repeatedly disobeyed orders of the man. These &#8220;crimes&#8221; are Koranic law. Most Islamic states have morality police, in search of female criminality against the rule of men. phone records using the Internet and bank accounts in countries such as Iran, is monitored. When we took humiliating &#8220;her husband, a woman under Islamic law, will be severely punished and could even be stoned to death. </P> One of the reasons that Islam is a failure, the treatment of women. Arab-Muslim hierarchy of male dominance and male supremacy means that half of the total population of just over a collection of slaves and wicked. Beating, cutting, rape, murder &#8211; &#8216;. Less than a pig or a cow &#8220;these are only the expression of the Arab-Muslim barbarism, even products of a barbaric pre-modern culture, one in which the female is available </P> Yet for many in the West, Islam as a &#8220;religion&#8221; &#8211; as something quiet and spiritual. Ignorance of Islam by avoiding treatment of women is almost as monstrous and degradation everyday for 1400 years of Arab Muslim imperialism perpetrated by the followers of Muhammad from Mecca sect moon crazy. Islam is barbarism manifested most clearly in his treatment of the female to be seen. </P><br />
</P><br />
About the Author
<p> target = &#8220;_new&#8221; href = &#8220;http://www.craigread.com&#8221;> Islam is a political project </a>, which focuses on the hatred of women! Discover the amazing truth Craig Read, learn and why <a target="_new" href="http://www.craigread.com"> Islam is a cult moon </a>. </P></p>
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		<title>Oklahoma lawsuit against Islamic law to prohibit</title>
		<link>http://www.advocateislam.com/islam-law/oklahoma-lawsuit-against-islamic-law-to-prohibit/index.html</link>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 19 Jul 2011 07:43:18 +0000</pubDate>
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		<category><![CDATA[Oklahoma]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Articles Alta OKLAHOMA CITY &#8211; A Muslim of Oklahoma filed a complaint in federal jordan shoes on Thursday to a constitutional state amendment by an overwhelming majority of voters that would prohibit state courts in light of international law or Islamic law in deciding cases to block approval. The measure, which was 70 percent of [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Articles
<p> Alta </​​p>
<p> OKLAHOMA CITY &#8211; A Muslim of Oklahoma filed a complaint in federal <a rel="nofollow" target="_new" href="http://www.jordanshoesworld.com/"> <strong> jordan shoes </strong> </a> on Thursday to a constitutional state amendment by an overwhelming majority of voters that would prohibit state courts in light of international law or Islamic law in deciding cases to block approval. The measure, which was 70 percent of the vote in Tuesday&#8217;s election, was one of many on the ballot in Oklahoma, which critics said was trying to make the Conservatives and the government go further to the right . </P> The lawsuit, filed in District Court U. S. Oklahoma City seeks a <a rel="nofollow" target="_new" href="http://www.jordanshoesworld.com/"> <strong> Air Jordan Retro </strong> </a> temporary order recycling and command, the election results certified by the power of the State Election Commission on November 9. Among other things, raises the claim to the extent of the Oklahoma Constitution to vote in &#8220;a permanent condemnation&#8221; of Islam by isolating special restrictions imposed by blocking the Islamic law known as Sharia. </P> &#8220;We have a handful of politicians who have advocated a change in our bulletin of State and then took a campaign well planned and well-financed disinformation and fear,&#8221; said Munir Awad, who filed the complaint and is Chairman of the Council on American-Islamic Relations in Oklahoma. &#8220;We have certain inalienable rights, and these rights are not taken from me by a political campaign.&#8221; Approximately 20,000 to 30,000 Muslims live in Oklahoma, said Awad. Legal experts have also challenged the measure. </P> Joseph Thai, a professor at the University of Oklahoma College of Law, said the measure vote is &#8220;an answer looking for a problem.&#8221; He said he knows of no other state that approved similar measures. &#8220;There is no credible threat to go beyond the law, or Sharia legal system,&#8221; Thai said in an e-mail to The Associated Press. He said, the courts consider international law when deciding issues in connection with a federal contract, a contract of enterprise or of a will, that international law contains. Thai said the ballot measure &#8220;raises thorny church-state issues as well&#8221; and could even influence the ability of a state judge to keep the Ten Commandments. </P> &#8220;The Ten Commandments, of course, is international law. It did not originate in Oklahoma or the United States,&#8221; said Thai. The measure will take effect January 1 go. Its author, Rep. Rex Duncan, R-Sand Springs, said it was not intended to attack the Muslims, but activist judges to rely on international law and Islamic law to prevent, if the decision on the legal cases. &#8220;Represents the threat of activist judges, is clear,&#8221; said Duncan. </P> &#8220;He should not what is the law in France or another European country.&#8221; Duncan described the measure as a &#8220;preemptive strike&#8221; in Oklahoma, where he says activist judges not an imminent problem. But some judges elsewhere, including the U. S. Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, believe that the courts should turn to the right of other countries for advice, though some cases the decision, he said. Ginsburg told a meeting of international lawyers in Washington in July that U.S. judges can learn from their foreign counterparts when examined after possible solutions, &#8220;trying questions.&#8221; </P> &#8220;The only people who are victims of these are activist judges, &#8220;said Duncan, who created in 2007 rejected the Quran as a gift by a Board of Governor Brad Henry, explaining that&#8221; most of Oklahoma, not, however, support the idea of ​​killing women and innocent children in the name of ideology. &#8221; A resident of Oklahoma said he was on Tuesday, because chaos can occur if judges were allowed to be claimed on international laws and religious in their courts. &#8220;Any private organization could come and say the judge according to our rules and regulations of the rule and cancel state laws,&#8221; said Oklahoma City attorney Jerry Fent. </P> </p>
<p>About the Author
<p> A resident said he was in Oklahoma on Tuesday, because chaos can occur if judges were allowed to international law and religious in their courts. </P> exit</p>
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		<title>Iranian Man Faces Death over Religious Conversion</title>
		<link>http://www.advocateislam.com/islam-law/iranian-man-faces-death-over-religious-conversion/index.html</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 18 Jul 2011 15:18:51 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[ATLANTA, Georgia, U.S., Jul 18, 2011 (IPS) &#8211; Faith leaders in the U.S. representing 25 million citizens have expressed outrage about the case of Youcef Nadarkhani, an Iranian man who faces the death penalty if he refuses to recant his Christian faith. Calling themselves Christian Leaders for a Nuclear Free Iran, the faith leaders sent [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span class="texto1"> <br /><b>ATLANTA, Georgia, U.S., Jul 18, 2011  (IPS) &#8211; Faith leaders in the U.S. representing 25 million citizens<br />
have expressed outrage about the case of Youcef Nadarkhani, an<br />
Iranian man who faces the death penalty if he refuses to<br />
recant his Christian faith.</b>
<p>Calling themselves Christian Leaders for a Nuclear Free Iran, the<br />
faith leaders sent letters regarding the matter on Jul. 8 to U.S.<br />
President Barack Obama, members of Congress, and foreign ambassadors<br />
and heads of state. The letter also called on Iran to refrain from<br />
developing nuclear weapons.</p>
<p>
Nadarkhani is charged with apostasy, the act of a person formally<br />
disaffiliating themselves from, or renouncing, a religion.</p>
<p>
However, &#8220;because apostasy is not mentioned in Iran&#8217;s penal code, and<br />
apostasy is not considered a crime, then the court has to consider<br />
Mr. Nadarkhani&#8217;s case in the context of [the crime] &#8216;insulting the<br />
Prophet of Islam&#8217;,&#8221; Nadarkhani&#8217;s attorney, Mohammad Ali Dadkhah, said<br />
in a statement to the International Campaign for Human Rights in Iran<br />
(ICHRI).</p>
<p>
&#8220;In this respect, since my client has not made any insults, he can<br />
tell the same to the court,&#8221; he said.</p>
<p>
So is there a way to convert one&#8217;s religion without insulting the<br />
Prophet?</p>
<p>
&#8220;Under these legal systems, there&#8217;s no way to convert, if you&#8217;re<br />
Muslim, and changing faith from one to another, even if you became an<br />
atheist,&#8221; Jordan Sekulow, director of international operations at the<br />
American Center for Law and Justice, told IPS.</p>
<p>
&#8220;If you became Muslim, that wouldn&#8217;t be a criminal case. It would be<br />
a celebration,&#8221; he said.</p>
<p>
Dadhkah had told ICHRI that on Jun. 27, Nadarkhani&#8217;s death sentence<br />
was overturned by the Supreme Court in Qom and was on hold until<br />
Nadarkhani repents.</p>
<p>
But according to a copy of the verdict obtained by Christian<br />
Solidarity Worldwide (CSW), the death sentence was not actually<br />
overturned. The verdict asks the lower court in Rasht to reexamine<br />
procedural flaws in the case.</p>
<p>
The Supreme Court in Iran has &#8220;ultimately given local judges a free<br />
hand to decide whether to release, execute or retry Mr. Nadarkhani in<br />
October,&#8221; according to CSW.</p>
<p>
&#8220;In this ruling it has been stipulated that in case Nadarkhani does<br />
not repent, his case file would<br />
once again be sent back to the lower court in Rasht. In a way, a<br />
complete overturning of the apostasy verdict depends on Nadarkhani&#8217;s<br />
repentance,&#8221; Dadkhah said.</p>
<p>
The Iranian government has also charged Dadhkah himself with crimes.<br />
He faces 10 years in prison and suspension of his law license for<br />
&#8220;actions and propaganda against the Islamic regime&#8221;.</p>
<p>
Nadarkhani may have an easier time appealing his case in the lower<br />
court if he repents his faith in Christianity, and Iranian officials<br />
are reportedly pressuring him to do so.</p>
<p>
One issue the court may be looking at is whether Nadarkhani was a<br />
&#8220;true Muslim&#8221; at the time of his conversion to Christianity.</p>
<p>
The Nadarkhani case is considered somewhat shocking even to those<br />
familiar with the politics of the Middle East. &#8220;What is happening in<br />
some strict Islamic law-based countries like Pakistan, they have an<br />
apostasy law on the books. But they have a mob rule setting. People<br />
lose their life because they storm the jail,&#8221; Sekulow said.</p>
<p>
&#8220;There&#8217;s a difference between what happens in Pakistan, where there&#8217;s<br />
a mob and no justice,&#8221; and this case, he said.</p>
<p>
&#8220;This hasn&#8217;t happened since 1990. No one&#8217;s been executed by the<br />
government for changing their faith. I think the fact they haven&#8217;t<br />
done it since 1990 is because they know the world reaction is, it&#8217;s<br />
outrageous,&#8221; he said.</p>
<p>
&#8220;Anti-conversion laws are implemented throughout Islamic law in<br />
various ways. For example, in Egypt, the Constitution seems benign,<br />
but Article Two of the Constitution says Islam is the religion, and<br />
nothing in the Constitution shall conflict with Islam,&#8221; Sekulow<br />
noted.</p>
<p>
&#8220;I think we&#8217;re at a point where the world doesn&#8217;t accept denying<br />
religious freedom as a cultural norm,&#8221; he added.</p>
<p>
Victoria Nuland, spokesperson for the U.S. Department of State, said<br />
in a Jul. 6 statement, &#8220;We are dismayed over reports that the Iranian<br />
courts are requiring Youcef Nadarkhani to recant his Christian faith<br />
or face the death penalty for apostasy – a charge based on his<br />
religious beliefs.&#8221; </p>
<p>
&#8220;While Iran&#8217;s leaders hypocritically claim to promote tolerance, they<br />
continue to detain, imprison, harass, and abuse those who simply wish<br />
to worship the faith of their choosing,&#8221; Nuland said.</p>
<p>
&#8220;We join the international community in continuing to call on the<br />
Iranian government to respect the fundamental rights of all its<br />
citizens and uphold its international commitments to protect them,&#8221;<br />
she said.</p>
<p>
Nadarkhani, 32, was born to Muslim parents but converted to<br />
Christianity at the age of 19. He was the pastor for a congregation<br />
of about 400 Christians in Rasht.</p>
<p>
Nadarkhani was arrested in October 2009 while trying to register his<br />
church, which is part of the nationwide Church of Iran.</p>
<p>
On Aug. 23, 2010, Nadarkhani&#8217;s apostasy death sentence was upheld by<br />
Branch Eleven of the Appeals Court of Gilan Province.</p>
<p>
Nadarkhani is currently being held in Rasht Prison.</p>
<p>
&#8220;He is one of 300 Christians who have been arrested in last year.<br />
Some have been released. There&#8217;s been a significant crackdown on<br />
Christians in the last year,&#8221; David Yeghnazar, U.S. director of Elam,<br />
an organisation which supports Iranian Christians, told IPS.</p>
<p>
Yeghnazar believes the crackdown is in part due to anti-Western<br />
sentiments in Iran, but points out Christianity began as an Eastern<br />
religion.</p>
<p>
&#8220;If you&#8217;re born in a Muslim family, the expectation is you have to<br />
remain in a Muslim family or remain as a Muslim. We call on the<br />
government&#8230; in Iran, to honour the meaning and the intention of the<br />
U.N. Charter&#8230; which they signed up to,&#8221; he said. &#8220;Certainly this<br />
case is a clear example of how they&#8217;re contravening that charter.&#8221;</p>
<p>
&#8220;We believe in the basic human rights of every person to follow their<br />
convictions whether they choose to be a Jew, a Christian, a Bahai, or<br />
a Muslim,&#8221; he said, predicting that the Iranian government&#8217;s efforts<br />
may backfire. </p>
<p>
&#8220;If they follow through, I think, to many Iranians, contrary to the<br />
goal of the Iranian regime, he might be seen as a martyr,&#8221; Yeghnazar<br />
said.</p>
<p>
 (END)</p>
<p></span></p>
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		<title>Herman Cain strives for new levels of anti-Muslim buffoonery</title>
		<link>http://www.advocateislam.com/islam-law/herman-cain-strives-for-new-levels-of-anti-muslim-buffoonery/index.html</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 18 Jul 2011 15:18:49 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[GOP Presidential hopeful Herman Cain is taking his efforts to win Republican votes by disparaging Muslims to the level of performance art. Cain reiterated his opposition to a mosque in Murfreesboro, Tennessee yesterday on Fox News Sunday. Cain insisted that Islam is different from other religions because “fact Islam is both a religion and a [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>GOP Presidential hopeful Herman Cain is taking his efforts to win Republican votes by disparaging Muslims to the level of performance art.</p>
<p>Cain reiterated his opposition to a mosque in Murfreesboro, Tennessee yesterday on Fox News Sunday. Cain <a target="_blank" href="http://thinkprogress.org/politics/2011/07/17/271216/herman-cain-americans-have-the-right-to-ban-mosques/">insisted</a> that Islam is different from other religions because “fact Islam is both a religion and a set of laws, Sharia law.”</p>
<blockquote><p>CAIN: They could say that. Chris, lets go back to the fundamental issue that the people are basically saying they’re objecting to. They’re objecting to the fact Islam is both a religion and a set of laws, Sharia law. That’s the difference between any one of our other traditional religions where it’s just about religious purposes. The people in the community know best, and I happen to side with the people in Murfreesboro.</p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p>WALLACE: You’re saying any community, if they want to ban a mosque?</p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p>CAIN: Yes. They have a right to do that. That’s not discriminating based upon religion.</p></blockquote>
<p>Cain’s ignorance on the subject of religion and constitutional law is so vast it’s hard to know where to begin. For one thing, Islam is hardly the only religion to have its own laws — based on Cain’s arguments, Jews Catholics and Anglicans among others would also not qualify for religious protection under the First Amendment. The First Amendment protects the free exercise of religion, it does not sanction discrimination based on the religious prejudices of a given moment. </p>
<p>There is no one static set of precepts Muslims agree upon that Cain can refer to as “sharia law.” Sharia is a set of Islamic principles whose application varies based on interpretation. Ironically, by implying otherwise, Cain is insisting that the most draconian interpretations of sharia are the “real” ones, Cain is supporting the religious arguments of Islamic extremists. Cain argues that it’s not “discriminating against based upon religion” for a community to ban a mosque, which is absurd on its face. Cain is saying it’s not discrimination to discriminate. </p>
<p>The most pathetic part of Cain’s argument however, is his insistence that “the people in the community know best.” Most people in Tennessee <a target="_blank" href="http://prospect.org/csnc/blogs/adam_serwer_archive?month=10year=2010base_name=mixed_messages_in_islam_answer">support or are indifferent</a><br />
<a target="_blank" href="http://thinkprogress.org/politics/2011/07/17/271216/herman-cain-americans-have-the-right-to-ban-mosques/"></a>to the mosque, only 28 percent of those polled last year opposed it. But even if the community were overwhelmingly opposed to the mosque, that wouldn’t justify discriminating against Muslims, anymore than popular support for segregation in the 1960s American South would have justified discriminating against blacks. Cain <a target="_blank" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/03/magazine/herman-cain-talks-about-herman-cain.html?_r=1">recently opined</a><br />
<a target="_blank" href="http://prospect.org/csnc/blogs/adam_serwer_archive?month=10year=2010base_name=mixed_messages_in_islam_answer"></a>that President Barack Obama isn’t a “strong black man” like Martin Luther King Jr. Does Cain truly believe that the MLK Jr, who <a target="_blank" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1964/king-lecture.html">referred to Islam</a><br />
<a target="_blank" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/03/magazine/herman-cain-talks-about-herman-cain.html?_r=1"></a>as one of the world’s “great religions” and fought his entire life against the idea that “local control” somehow trumps the fundamental rights of individual minorities, would have supported a ban on mosques? </p>
<p>It was the first President of the United States however, who said that America gives to “to bigotry no sanction, to persecution no assistance.” Those words were more aspiration than fact when George Washington, himself a slaveowner, wrote them. But today, they are among the most basic principles any presidential candidate must uphold. Cain doesn’t even appear to want to uphold them. </p></p>
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		<title>How Muslim-bashing loses elections</title>
		<link>http://www.advocateislam.com/islam-law/how-muslim-bashing-loses-elections/index.html</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 18 Jul 2011 15:18:49 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[US religious leaders condemn Islamophobia(Sep 9, &#8217;10) Why don&#8217;t Americans like Muslims?(Aug 17, &#8217;10)]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><font face="Tahoma"><br /></font><a href="http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Middle_East/LI09Ak02.html">US<br />
                              religious leaders condemn<br />
                              Islamophobia</a><br /><font color="#999999" size="1">(Sep 9, &#8217;10)</font></p>
<p><a href="http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Middle_East/LH17Ak01.html">Why<br />
                              don&#8217;t Americans like Muslims?</a><br /><font color="#999999" size="1">(Aug 17,<br />
                              &#8217;10)</p>
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		<title>Not a perfect portrait</title>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 17 Jul 2011 14:32:24 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[AGENDA &#124; Sunday, July 17, 2011 &#124; Email &#124; Print &#124; &#124; Back   Not a perfect portraitJuly 16, 2011   9:11:39 PM India: A PortraitAuthor: Patrick FrenchPublisher: Allen LanePrice: Rs 699 Patrick French has a few hits and a lot of misses in this book, write Prafull Goradia and KR Phanda The higher the hope [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>                <strong><span class="Brown2-Text">AGENDA</span></strong> <span class="GrayWhite-Text">|</span> <span class="Text-main">Sunday, July 17, 2011</span> <span class="GrayWhite-Text">|</span> Email | Print |  | Back  
<p><span class="Red-Text-Bold"><b>Not a perfect portrait</b></span><br /><span class="Gray-Text-10">July 16, 2011   9:11:39 PM</span></p>
<p><b>India: A Portrait</b><br />Author: Patrick French<br />Publisher: Allen Lane<br />Price: Rs 699</p>
<p><b>Patrick French has a few hits and a lot of misses in this book, write <i>Prafull Goradia</i> and <i>KR Phanda</i></b></p>
<p>The higher the hope the greater is the despair. We expected to know all about India through Patrick French’s latest book, <i>India: A Portrait</i>. He has come down heavily on Jawaharlal Nehru for the tardy progress of India’s economy. Nehru, however, perpetrated the initial harm with his Left-leaning ideology, which was fashionable in those times. One wonders why the later governments didn’t change their socialistic policies once the mistakes became starkly apparent in the late 1960s and the 1970s. Mrs Indira Gandhi, instead of doing any thing constructive, merely nationalised the industries to consolidate her power.</p>
<p>For a self-portrait of India, one expected some emphasis by the author on the continuing Hindu-Muslim divide despite the concession of 30 per cent of the country’s territory for the formation of a separate homeland for less than 25 percent of its Muslim population in 1947. After the enchanted <i>Liberty or Death</i>, French’s first book, one would have expected this biography to be a continuum of why Muslims are feeling lost while Hindus are being deprived in their own country. </p>
<p>The present book is a sequel to the earlier work that dealt with the struggle of Indians to free themselves from British rule. In the words of the author: “In India, I have tried to write about the country both from the inside and from the outside — or from a distance. Information passes through three different prisms. The first is political, the second economic and the third social.”</p>
<p>Each of three sections — <i>Rashtra</i> or nation, <i>Lakshmi</i> or wealth, <i>Samaj</i> or society — seeks to answer the question: Why is India like it is today? In this book, individual stories, calamities, aspirations and triumphs of many people are at the heart of the matter, says the author. Each section, in turn, is divided into chapters which focus on certain selected areas relevant to the subject under discussion. </p>
<p>Each section stands on an independent footing. It can be read individually depending on the interest of the reader. Going through the volume, a few points emerge. One, Muslims in India had a raw deal after Independence. Two, Hindus are a collection of diverse people, and not a nation. Hindu leaders, particularly those who speak for the nation, are communalists or fundamentalists!</p>
<p>On page 348 of the book, the author says: “The greatest threat facing Indian Muslims was&#8230; poverty.” Many a Muslim intellectual whom the author met are said to have claimed that their coreligionists constitute India’s most backward community in all respects and they should be given special treatment as is available to the Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes. Muslims forget that quota is like a handicap given to weaker players. Dalits and Adivasis were denied opportunities for centuries accorded to the upper Hindu castes. Since Muslims ruled large tracts of the country for centuries in the last millennium, the Muslim elite were themselves responsible for the backwardness of a section of the community. Despite being a dominant player for most of the last millennium, if Muslims are backward or less educated today, the blame must be borne by the privileged of the community.  </p>
<p>Syed Shahabuddin, a former IFS officer and a leading intellectual, once said that given a choice between identity and development, a <i>momin</i> would choose the former. Furthermore, Indian Muslims had demanded a separate homeland in 1940 and got one in 1947. No one asked Muslims to stay back once they had achieved their <i>darul Islam</i>. The Islamic brotherhood believes in the equality of all Muslims before Allah. One instrument of redistribution and welfare is the wakf or the properties handed over to Allah for the benefit of the poor. At present these <i>wakfs</i> are reported to be the largest urban landlord in India. Then, why are Muslims backward and less educated? Is it because the <i>wakf</i> properties are being misused by vested interests? Or, is it that the <i>ulema</i> are discouraging the Muslim youth from pursuing secular studies?</p>
<p>As for the Uniform Civil Code, the author quotes views of several Muslim scholars. Qasim Rasool of the All-India Muslim Personal Law Board said: “Our laws are based on the <i>Quran</i> and the <i>Sunnah</i>. Nobody can touch those laws. Everything there is eternal. To say that there should be a Uniform Civil Code is like saying that there should be a uniform religion.” In view of the above statement, it is not possible to agree with French’s observation: “The thrust of Muslim intellectual life in India since the 19th century had been towards modernity.” In reality, Islam and modernity are a contradiction in terms.</p>
<p>On the issue of Kashmir, the author writes: “After India and Pakistan went to war for the first time in 1947-48, it would have been logical to partition Kashmir into its constituent parts, with the Muslim areas going to Pakistan and Buddhist Ladakh and Hindu Jammu going to India.” But wouldn’t any attempt to give Kashmir to Pakistan have justified the two-nation theory?</p>
<p>The author points out how, after Independence, history textbooks were distorted. “In school textbooks controversial realities had for many years been replaced by harmonious stories of a united and syncretic subcontinental past.” Romila Thapar’s <i>Medieval India</i> played down the acts of desecration by early Muslim invaders. Nehru, too, can be charged of negationism in his book, <i>The Discovery of India</i>. This book, according to French, is an elegant combination of history and propaganda. </p>
<p>French’s book, in short, is a combination of fresh and worn-out ideas cobbled together. </p>
<p>Read it with an open mind and you will enjoy it.<br />
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